Combination Bridge

Photos

General View Of The Bridge From The South Shore, Looking Wnw

Photos by Robert Ryan and Hans Muessig, May 1980, for HAER

View photos at Library of Congress

BH Photo #124500

Map

Street View

Facts

Overview

Lost Through truss bridge over Missouri River on Old US 20 in Sioux City

Location

Sioux City, Woodbury County, Iowa, and Dakota County, Nebraska

Status

Replaced by new bridge

History

Built 1890-96; North Approach replaced 1907; Nebraska swing span electrified 1919; South approach replaced 1922; North Approach rebuilt 1929; Rails removed 1937; Iowa swing span removed 1957; Cantilevered roadways widened 1961-62; Replaced 1980

Builders

- J.A.L. Waddell of Port Hope, Canada
- Phoenix Bridge Co. of Phoenixville, Pennsylvania
- Sooysmith & Co. of New York

Railroads

- Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad (CBQ)
- Great Northern Railway (GN)
- Pacific Short Line
- Rail-to-road
- Sioux City Service Co. (SCS)
- Sioux City Traction Co.
- Streetcar

Design

"The Pacific Short Line Combination Bridge was the work of three prominent names in the late 19th century American engineering: J.A.L. Waddell (chief engineer), Charles Sooysmith's Sooysmith & Company (foundations and piers), and the Phoenix Iron and Bridge companies (fabricators and erectors). The dates of the Pacific Short Line Bridge (1890-1896) make it among the early large-scale works of both Waddell and Sooysmith. It is also one of Waddell's and Phoenix's earliest efforts in steel bridge design and construction, at a time when the use of steel was still not universally accepted, particularly for spans of the size of the Pacific Short Line bridge. As constructed, the bridges consisted of two 470' rim-bearing, through Pratt swing spans and two 500' Pennsylvania through trusses. All spans were pin-connected. The bridge was built at least partially as Sioux City's response to changing developments in Upper Missouri transportation systems, as westward running railroads supplanted steamboats, which were instrumental in the city's early growth, as the principal carriers of people, goods and raw materials during the 1880's. The bridge also stands as a rather spectacular relic from the late 19th century speculative scheme to build a transcontinental "short line" from Sioux City to Ogden, Utah. Although the Pacific Short Line failed after two years (a lifespan common to other railroad ventures of its kind), businessmen of Sioux City saw the bridge through to completion. The transcontinental plans were not realized, but the bridge provided needed competition for the 1888 Union Bridge at Sioux City, controlled by the Chicago and North Western Railroad, and gave Sioux City businessmen access to potential markets in northeastern Nebraska. Perhaps the most long-lasting impact of the Pacific Short Line bridge was that its wagon, streetcar and pedestrian paths, eventually expanded to a full four lanes of highway, served to connect Sioux City physically -- and psychologically -- to areas to the west and south, resulting in the development of South Sioux City and environs as part of Sioux City's market and metropolitan area.

"The Pacific Short Line Bridge was documented bu Bennett, Muessig & Associates, Ltd., Iowa City, Iowa, for the Iowa Department of Transportation. This document fulfills the obligations of the Iowa Department of Transportation, the Nebraska Department of Roads, and the Federal Highway Administration under a Memorandum of Agreement between the Federal Highway Administration, the States of Iowa and Nebraska, and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, purusant to 36 CFR 800. The bridge was photographed in May 1980 and measured in August 1980. The project team consisted of Martha H. Bowers, Historian; John Hotopp, Project Assistant; Hans Muessig, Engineering Historian and Photographer; and Robert Ryan, Photographer and Project Assistant."

HAER Documentation Project
Completed by Dennett, Muessig & Associates, Iowa City, Iowa
for Iowa Department of Transportation, Ames, Iowa
1980
`

Dimensions

Length of largest span: 500.0 ft.
Total length: 1,940.0 ft.

Also called

Pacific Short Line Bridge
US20 Missouri River Bridge

Approximate latitude, longitude

+42.48725, -96.41365 (decimal degrees)
42°29'14" N, 96°24'49" W (degrees°minutes'seconds")

Approximate UTM coordinates

14/712559/4707118 (zone/easting/northing)

Quadrangle map:

Sioux City South

Inventory number

BH 37432 (Bridgehunter.com ID)

Update Log

November 17, 2015: New photo from Douglas Butler
May 2, 2015: Updated by Luke: Added category "Double Swing"
April 27, 2015: Updated by Luke: Changed name from HAER name to common name.
July 12, 2013: Updated by Luke Harden: Added categories "Pacific Short Line", "Railroad", "Rail-to-road"
July 12, 2013: New photo from David Backlin
March 12, 2013: Updated by Luke Harden: Added builder
July 19, 2011: New Street View added by Jason Smith
September 14, 2008: Added by J.R. Manning

Sources

J.R. Manning - thekitchenguy [at] sbcglobal [dot] net
HAER IA-1 - Pacific Shortline Bridge
Jason Smith - flensburg [dot] bridgehunter [dot] av [at] googlemail [dot] com
Luke
David Backlin - us71 [at] cox [dot] net
Douglas Butler